The Red Planet - Mars

Mars is covered by a stormy desert that contains lots of iron oxide. This is the reason why it appears like a rusty red colour planet.

One time, Mars had an atmosphere which contains oxygen, it has valleys that water may have flowed. As of the present, the oxygen are locked up in the rusty iron deposits.

The Inner Planets

The Inner Planets are the four planets that are nearest to the sun. Namely, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. They are basically different from sun considering that they are made of rock.

The planets farther away from the sun are mostly composed of gas. Each of the inner planets has an atmosphere. Though the atmosphere of the other inner planets are very thin and would be poisonous to humans.

The Planet Mercury

The closest planet to the sun is Mercury. Based on studies the temperature of the planet facing the sun is as high as 430 degrees centigrad. Though the other side is literally cold at -180 degrees centigrade.

Mercury has no atmosphere because it has been burned off by the sun.

The Black Hole

A black hole is an area in space where the force of gravity is so strong that even light cannot escape from it. Usually, black holes are created when burned out stars collapse. It will shrink into a tiny shere of material which gravity is so strong that it pulls everything around it.

Even light is sucked into it. Nothing that goes into the black hole comes out of it. Black holes cannot be seen, but sometimes they can be identified through the radio waves given off when a star is drawn into the black hole

How far are the Stars?

The nearest star to the Earth is our very own Sun. It is 152 million kilometers away. The next closest stars are Proxima Centauri and Barnards Star.

As the light from the star passes through the Earth's atmosphere, it is bent by changes in the air temperature, this makes a flickering appearance. Commonly we termed it as twinkle. But fact is most of the stars burn steadily, and if we look at them from space, there is no flickering or twinkling.

How Does a Star Die?

When the stars use up all their fuel, they burn out and eventually die. But the process would take millions of years.


The Stars usually consume all its hydrogen as it powers it nuclear fusion, it starts to cool, becoming a red giant. The red giant swells, and the pressure at the center becomes great that the star begins to absorb energy, in a matter of seconds, it will collapse and explodes into a supernova.


This supernova is a huge explosion of light and energy that can be seen across the galaxy.